Timeline

3 August 1993

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

The Studio-Museum prints are deposited at the General Archive of the Administration

The prints that formed part of the Studio-Museum were deposited at the General Archive of the Administration.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/24/2026

3 August 1993

RESTORATION / SPAIN

Alfonso Archive prints deposited at the General Archive of the Administration

The prints from the Studio-Museum were deposited at the General Archive of the Administration.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/25/2026

3 August 1993

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

Prints from the Studio-Museum Are Deposited

The prints that formed part of the Studio-Museum were deposited at the General Archive of the Administration.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/27/2026

20 February 1992

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

Alfonso Archive negatives are deposited at the General Archive of the Administration

The negatives from the Alfonso Archive were deposited at the General Archive of the Administration.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/24/2026

20 February 1992

RESTORATION / SPAIN

Alfonso Archive negatives deposited at the General Archive of the Administration

The negatives from the Alfonso Archive were deposited at the General Archive of the Administration.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/25/2026

20 February 1992

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

The Alfonso Archive negatives are deposited

The negatives from the Alfonso Archive were deposited at the General Archive of the Administration on 20 February 1992.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/28/2026

1992

INTERNET / UNITED STATES

The Library of Congress shares exhibition materials via FTP

According to Cultura Conectada’s account, the Library of Congress offered texts and images from some exhibitions via FTP.

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1 source

1. Historia y evolución de los museos online – Cultura Conectadaculturaconectada.com · accessed 09/23/2026

1992

RESTORATION / UNITED STATES

The Library of Congress Distributed Exhibition Materials via FTP

The U.S. Library of Congress made texts and images from some of its exhibitions available through FTP, an early example of networked museum and cultural access.

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1 source

1. Historia y evolución de los museos online – Cultura Conectadaculturaconectada.com · accessed 09/19/2026

1992

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

The Ministry of Culture acquires the Alfonso Archive

The Ministry of Culture acquired the Alfonso Archive, which contains photographs by Alfonso Sánchez García and his sons.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/24/2026

1992

RESTORATION / ARGENTINA

The Rufino Municipal Museum and Historical Archive is founded

Founded in 1992, the Rufino museum and archive preserves objects and documents about different periods of everyday life, among other subjects.

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1 source

1. Archivo de la Municipalidad de Rufino (Argentina)censoarchivos.mcu.es · accessed 09/24/2026

1992

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

The Ministry of Culture acquires the Alfonso Archive

In 1992, the Ministry of Culture acquired the photographic archive of Alfonso Sánchez García and his sons, according to a document on photographic holdings and collections in Spain’s State Archives.

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1 source

1. 165 5.3. Fondos y colecciones fotográficas en Archivos Estataleswww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/28/2026

1991

INTERNET / GLOBAL

The World Wide Web prototype is built

The World Wide Web prototype was built in 1991. Using the Internet’s infrastructure, it enabled remote access to files through text linked to other files.

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1 source

1. Internet: una historia en construcción | CCCB Lab - CCCBlab.cccb.org · accessed 09/27/2026

1991

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO / SPAIN

The Cuatro direcciones catalogue is published

The catalogue for the Museo Reina Sofía exhibition *Cuatro direcciones: fotografía contemporánea española, 1970-1990* is published, presenting photography as an artistic practice in that period.

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1 source

1. LA FOTOGRAFÍA: ARTE Y TESTIMONIOwww.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/28/2026

1991

INTERNET / EUROPE

A World Wide Web prototype is built

CCCB Lab describes a World Wide Web prototype built in 1991 that enabled remote file consultation through texts linked to other files.

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1 source

1. Internet: una historia en construcción | CCCB Lab - CCCBlab.cccb.org · accessed 09/24/2026

20 December 1990

TOYS / SPAIN

Inauguration of the Valencian Toy Museum

The Valencian Toy Museum opened in Ibi on 20 December 1990, initially housed in Casa Gran, an 18th-century manor house.

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1 source

1. Pasado, Presente y Futuro - Museo del Juguetewww.museojuguete.com · accessed 09/24/2026

20 December 1990

TOYS / SPAIN

Ibi Toy Museum Opens

Ibi Toy Museum opened in temporary premises at Casa Gran. Its collection was based on holdings from the former Payá Cooperative, donated to the town by its workers.

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1 source

1. Pasado, Presente y Futuro - Museo del Juguetewww.museojuguete.com · accessed 09/25/2026

20 December 1990

TOYS / SPAIN

The Valencian Toy Museum opens

The Valencian Toy Museum opened on 20 December 1990 in Ibi’s Casa Gran. Its collection included toys connected with local manufacturing, partly assembled through a donation from workers at the Payá Cooperative.

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1 source

1. Pasado, Presente y Futuro - Museo del Juguetewww.museojuguete.com · accessed 09/26/2026

20 December 1990

TOYS / SPAIN

The Ibi Toy Museum Opens Provisionally

The Ibi Toy Museum states that it opened provisionally at Casa Gran on 20 December 1990.

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1 source

1. Pasado, Presente y Futuro - Museo del Juguetewww.museojuguete.com · accessed 09/27/2026

December 1990

INTERNET / SPAIN

RedIRIS gains direct IP connectivity to the rest of the world

The Spanish academic network RedIRIS gained direct IP connectivity to the rest of the world in December 1990.

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1 source

1. Historia de Internet y de sus inicios en España | Archivo Digital UPMoa.upm.es · accessed 09/24/2026

1990

INTERNET / GLOBAL

The World Wide Web prototype is developed

A group of CERN physicists led by Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web prototype in 1990, creating a way to organize and access information over the Internet’s infrastructure.

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1 source

1. Internet: una historia en construcción | CCCB Lab - CCCBlab.cccb.org · accessed 09/27/2026

1990

BOARD GAMES / UNITED KINGDOM

Irving Finkel organizes a board-game symposium at the British Museum

A board-game symposium organized by Irving Finkel at the British Museum marked an early gathering for the exchange and study of these games.

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1 source

1. mundo lúdico – Games & Co.gamesandco.wordpress.com · accessed 09/23/2026

1990

EVERYDAY LIFE / GLOBAL

Board games undergo a gradual transformation

From the 1990s onward, the sources describe an industry transformation associated with a wider range of games and the growing popularity of Eurogames. They also highlight festivals as places for gathering and promotion; they identify neither a founding date nor a single cause.

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2 sources

1. Encrucijadas del juego de mesa. Historia, cultura e industria – Shangrilashangrilaediciones.com · accessed 09/27/2026
2. textos en red - shangrila-blog: II. ENCRUCIJADAS DEL JUEGO DE MESA. HISTORIA, CULTURA E INDUSTRIA", Jan Gonzalo Iglesia (ccord.), Valencia: Shangrila, 2024.www.shangrila-blog.com · accessed 09/27/2026

1990

INTERNET / EUROPE

HTML is developed at CERN

CCCB Lab places the development of HTML by a group of CERN physicists led by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990.

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1 source

1. Internet: una historia en construcción | CCCB Lab - CCCBlab.cccb.org · accessed 09/24/2026

1990

FILM / UNITED STATES

Fantasia is selected for the National Film Registry

In 1990, Fantasia was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for its cultural, historical, or aesthetic significance.

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1 source

1. Fantasía (película)es.wikipedia.org · accessed 09/25/2026

August 1989

SOFTWARE / GLOBAL

Microsoft introduces the first version of Office

In August 1989, Microsoft introduced the first version of its Office productivity suite, available on CD-ROM.

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1 source

1. Momentos destacados en la historia de Microsoft – Centro de noticiasnews.microsoft.com · accessed 09/24/2026

1989

VIDEO GAMES / JAPAN

Launch of Nintendo's Game Boy

Nintendo launched the Game Boy; the source characterizes it as the definitive evolution of handheld consoles as video game platforms.

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1 source

1. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/19/2026

1989

VIDEO GAMES / JAPAN

Nintendo Launches Game Boy

Nintendo launched the Game Boy in 1989; the source describes it as the definitive evolution of handhelds as video game platforms.

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1 source

1. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/14/2026

1989

VIDEO GAMES / GLOBAL

Nintendo launches the Game Boy

The Faculty of Informatics of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya dates the Game Boy’s launch to 1989 and highlights its role in the growth of portable video games.

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1 source

1. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/24/2026

1989

CONSOLES / JAPAN

Game Boy Launch

The sources place Nintendo's Game Boy launch in 1989, and one of them links it with Tetris.

2 sources

1. La historia del videojuego: su imparable ascenso | Tokio Schoolwww.tokioschool.com · accessed 09/14/2026
2. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/14/2026

1989

VIDEO GAMES / GLOBAL

Game Boy advances the evolution of portable gaming platforms

The Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya identifies Nintendo’s 1989 launch of Game Boy as a decisive step in the evolution of portable gaming platforms.

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1 source

1. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/25/2026

1987

RESTORATION / SPAIN

The National Museum of Ethnology presents an exhibition on preserving ethnographic collections

In 1987, the National Museum of Ethnology held an exhibition on the conservation and restoration of ethnographic collections, documented in its exhibition catalogue.

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1 source

1. Conservación y restauración del material etnográfico. Museo Nacional de Etnología. - Ministerio de Culturalibreria.cultura.gob.es · accessed 09/28/2026

1987

EVERYDAY LIFE / SPAIN

A Study Examines Alicante’s Toy Industry

María José Santos Deltell published *La industria del juguete en la provincia de Alicante*, a study focused on the toy industry in the province.

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1 source

1. La industria del juguete en la provincia de Alicanteopenalex.org · accessed 09/25/2026

1987

EVERYDAY LIFE / MEXICO

El Chopo Hosts Lesbian and Gay Week

Museo Universitario del Chopo had hosted Lesbian and Gay Week since 1987, expanding its role as a plural cultural space.

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1 source

1. Centro de Información y Mediateca del Museo ...censoarchivos.mcu.es · accessed 09/18/2026

22 November 1986

CARS AND MOTORCYCLES / ARGENTINA

The Juan Manuel Fangio Automobile Museum is established

With support from Buenos Aires Province, companies, project supporters, committee activities and contributions from Fangio himself, the Juan Manuel Fangio Technological-Cultural Center and Automobile Museum was established.

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1 source

1. Día de los museos: Tres historias que tenés que escuchar | Parabrisasparabrisas.perfil.com · accessed 09/23/2026

2 December 1985

INTERNET / SPAIN

A TCP/IP subnet becomes operational at UPM

A TCP/IP subnet organized at the School of Telecommunications Engineering of the Polytechnic University of Madrid began operating on 2 December 1985.

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1 source

1. Historia de Internet y de sus inicios en España | Archivo Digital UPMoa.upm.es · accessed 09/24/2026

27 September 1985

EVERYDAY LIFE / SPAIN

GAELCO is founded

Recreativas.org’s article archive states that GAELCO, a Catalan video game development company, was founded on 27 September 1985.

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1 source

1. Noticias con la categoría Artículowww.recreativas.org · accessed 09/26/2026

1985

TECHNOLOGY / GLOBAL

Launch of the Atari 520ST and Commodore Amiga 1000

The Atari 520ST and Commodore Amiga 1000, 16-bit personal computers noted for their multimedia capabilities, appeared only about a month apart. RetroMañía 2025’s reference to their 40th anniversary places their launches in 1985.

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1 source

1. RetroMañía 2025 | Asociación RetroAcciónwww.retroaccion.org · accessed 09/23/2026

1985

VIDEO GAMES / ESTADOS UNIDOS Y CANADÁ

The video game crash ends in North America

The source places the end of the crash that began in 1983 in 1985; it primarily affected the United States and Canada.

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1 source

1. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/23/2026

1985

VIDEO GAMES / GLOBAL

Launch of the Atari ST and Commodore Amiga 1000

RetroMañía 2025 marked the 40th anniversary of these personal computers, launched barely a month apart; the reference thus places their launches in 1985.

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1 source

1. RetroMañía 2025 | Asociación RetroAcciónwww.retroaccion.org · accessed 09/24/2026

1985

VIDEO GAMES / ESTADOS UNIDOS Y CANADÁ

The end of the video game crisis is commonly placed in 1985

The UPC video game history says the crisis that began in 1983 did not end until 1985, a conventional endpoint for the North American episode.

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1 source

1. Historia de los videojuegoswww.fib.upc.edu · accessed 09/24/2026