Personal computers spread from the late 1970s and adopted the screen as their main means of communicating with users. A University of Granada article reviews the evolution of graphics hardware, from the first interactive time-sharing systems of the early 1960s to the integration of the GPU into the same chip as the microprocessor in many modern computers.
The IBM PC 5150 was introduced on 12 August 1981. More than an isolated machine, it became a reference point for manufacturers that could adopt a similar architecture and use MS-DOS, helping the compatible-PC market expand.
Open storyApple, Commodore and Tandy are grouped in the expression “1977 Trinity,” a term used by Byte according to the UPV Museum of Informatics. This analysis places that formula within personal computing’s change of scale: from specialised machines and communities to a recognisable home market.
Open storyA cautious chronological reading of the Olivetti Programma 101, presented in 1964: a programmable desktop machine that shows why labels such as “first personal computer” require nuance.
Open story
